ABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the effect of goal-directed fluid therapy (GDFT) on the gastrointestinal function of patients after laparoscopic radical resection of cervical cancer.Methods:A total of 60 patients who were scheduled for laparoscopic radical resection of cervical cancer in Shanxi Provincial People's Hospital from October 2016 to September 2018 were selected. They were randomly divided into observation group and control group by random number table method, with 30 cases in each group. Patients in the observation group received GDFT, they were connected to the Flotrac/Vigile monitoring system, and the fluid supplementation was guided according to the changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP), stroke volume variability (SVV) and cardiac index, the goal was to maintain MAP≥60 mmHg (1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa), SVV≤13%, and cardiac index 2.5-4.0 L·min -1·m -2. The conventional fluid therapy was applied in the control group, and the liquid's input speed was adjusted according to the changes of MAP and central venous pressure (CVP) which were respectively maintained at 60-110 mmHg and 8-12 cmH 2O (1 cmH 2O = 0.098 kPa). The crystal/colloid input, bleeding volume and urine output were recorded. The first bowel sounds recovery time, exhaust time, postoperative hospitalization time, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting after surgery were recorded. Arterial blood and central venous blood were drawn before anesthesia induction and 12, 24 and 36 hours after operation to determine the concentrations of arterial blood lactate and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO 2) as well as intestinal type fatty acid binding protein (IFABP). Results:Compared with the control group, the urine output was increased ( t = -7.738, P < 0.01), the crystal input was reduced ( t = -13.439, P < 0.01), the colloid input was increased ( t = -8.360, P < 0.01), the recovery time of first bowel sounds after surgery was shortened ( t = 6.694, P < 0.01), the exhaust time was shortened ( t = -10.326, P < 0.01), and the time of postoperative hospitalization was shortened ( t = -7.377, P < 0.01). The incidence of nausea and vomiting in the observation group were 10.0% (3/30) and 6.7% (2/30), which were lower than 33.3% (10/30) and 26.7% (8/30) in the control group ( χ2 = 4.812, P = 0.028; χ2 = 4.320, P = 0.038). Compared with the control group, the concentration of IFABP in the observation group was reduced at 12 h ( t = 2.983, P = 0.004), 24 h ( t = 6.452, P < 0.01), and 36 h ( t = -3.880, P < 0.01) after surgery; the concentration of lactate in the observation group was reduced at 12 h ( t = -7.377, P < 0.01), 24 h ( t = -6.036, P < 0.01), and 36 h ( t = -8.933, P < 0.01) after surgery; the value of ScvO 2 in the observation group was increased at 12 h ( t = 2.710, P = 0.009) and 24 h ( t = 2.387, P = 0.020) after surgery. Conclusion:GDFT can maintain the balance between oxygen delivery and oxygen consumption in the gastrointestinal mucosa cells, which can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical resection of cervical cancer.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of Weipixiao, a compound recipe which has the actions of strengthening spleen, resolving stasis and removing toxins, on the histopathological changes of gastric mucosal tissue in rats with gastric precancerous lesions ( GPL) . Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, Vitacoenzyme group (0.2 g·kg-1·d-1), and high-, middle-, and low-dose Weipixiao groups ( in the dose of 15, 7.5, 3.75 g·kg-1·d-1, respectively) . Except for the normal control group, the rats in other groups received spontaneous intake of N-methyl-N’-nitro-nitrosoguanidine ( MNNG) solution combined with irregular diet and oral use of purgative herbs for 18 weeks to induce GPL. From the 9th week, the mediation groups were simultaneously given corresponding medicine for 10 weeks. At the end of the experiment, the histopathological changes of gastric mucosal tissue in all groups were observed. Results Pathological scores of intestinal metaplasia and epithelial dysplasia in rat gastric mucosa of the model group were significantly increased ( P<0.01 compared with those of the normal group) , but were decreased in three Weipixiao groups to various degrees, particularly in low-dose Weipixiao group ( P<0.05 or P<0.01) . Conclusion Weipixiao can block and reverse gastric intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia in GPL rats to certain degrees, and low-dose Weipixiao may have better long-term effect for the prevention and treatment of GPL.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of propofol pretreatment on hippocampal monocyte chemotactic protein-1 ( MCP-1 ) and CC-chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) expression following forebrain ischemiarepcrfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods Twenty-four male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 8 each): group Ⅰ control; group Ⅱ I/R and group Ⅲ propofol pretreatment. Cerebral I/R was induced by clamping bilateral common carotid arteries for 10 min combined with hypotension ( MAP was maintained at 35-45 mm Hg) induced by exsanguinations in group Ⅱ and Ⅲ. In group Ⅲ propofol 50 mg/kg was injected into femoral vein immediately before cerebral ischemia. The animals were sacrificed at 6 h of reperfusion. Hippocampal tissue was obtained for detection of MCP-1 mRNA and CCR2 mRNA and their protein expression by RT-PCR and Western blot technique. Results I/R significantly increased the expression of MCP-1 and CCR2 in hippoeampal tissue as compared with control group. Propofol pretreatment significantly attenuated cerebral I/R induced increase in MCP-1 and CCR2 expression. Conclusion Propofol pretreatment can significantly inhibit forebrain I/R-induced hippocampal MCP-1 and CCP2 expression.
ABSTRACT
In this study, optical data on color of tongue tips were collected by using a visible reflection spectrum system. Quantitative method of tongue inspection and classification of tongue states including pale, pale red, red and crimson manifestations were investigated.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To observe the effect of Xiaoyingqiangjitang on the ultrastructure of motor end-plate of skeletal muscle in rats with hyperthyroid myopathy, and changes of acetylcholin esterase (AchE).Methods The 36 healthy female Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (n=6), and model group, Chinese medicine treated group and saline control group (all n=10). All animals in the model group, Chinese medicine treated group and saline control group were treated with group given L-thyroxine intraperitoneal injection for 42 days to establish the animal model of hyperthyroid myopathy. The animals of the Chinese medicine treated group were treated with Xiaoyngqiangjitang for 30 days after L-thyroxine intraperitoneal injection. The enzyme activity of AchE and ultrastructure of motor end-plate were observed by light and electron microscopes.Results The enzyme activity and content in the group of hyperthyroid myopathy was decreased, the reaction products of AchE located in synapse became weaker and distributed heterogeneously, the junction infolding of motor end-plate became smaller and shorter, the mitochondria in axon terminal became vacuolated. After given Chinese medicine, the enzyme activity and content increased, the junction folding, the mitochondria showed normal ultrastructural appearance.Conclusion Xiaoyingqiangjitang can improve the function of skeletal muscle in hyperthyroid myopathy by recovering the enzyme activity of AchE and ultrastructures of motor end-plate.
ABSTRACT
@#Objective To observe the effect of Xiaoyingqiangji decoction on mitochondria in skeletal muscle of hyperthyroid myopathy. Methods Healthy Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the group of hyperthyroid myopathy were given L-thyroxine intraperitoneal injection for 42 d; Chinese medicine treated group were treated with Xiaoyingqiangji decoction for 30 d after L-thyroxine injection; the saline control group were given saline solution for 30 d after L-thyroxine injection; normal control group were given saline solution. Then the skeletal muscles were obtained and the succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were measured. The ultrastructural changes were observed with TEM. Results The activity and content of SDH in the group of hyperthyroid myopathy decreased, and the cristae of mitochondria ruptured and even disappeared. After given Chinese medicine, the activity and content of SDH increased, while the mitochondria showed normal ultrastructural appearance. Conclusion Xiaoyingqiangji decoction can improve the function of skeletal muscles in hyperthyroid myopathy by recovering enzyme activity and mitochondria structure.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Spleen is correlated with mitochondrion. The "spleen governs movement and transformation of food and liquids" in traditional Chinese medicine refers to not only the digestion and absorption of food in gastrointestinal tract, but also the process of biological oxidation and energy production of mitochondrion.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the effects of Si-Jun-Zi decoction (SJZD), a typical prescription for invigorating spleen and replenishing qi, on repairing the mitochondrial damage of cells of liver, myocardium, gastric mucosa and skeletal muscle in rats with spleen asthenia.DESIGN: A randomized controlled observation.SETTINGS: Second Department of Internal Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine.MATERIALS: The experiments were carried out in the internal medicine laboratory, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the testing center of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June to December in 2004. Forty SD rats were provided by the animal center of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine. Xiao Cheng-Qi decoction consisted of officinal magnolia bark, immature bitter orange and rhubarb according to the ratio of 3:3:2; SJZD consisted of radix codonopsitis pilosulae, largehead atractylodes rhizome, India bread and liquorice root according to the ratio of 2:2:2:1, and it was provided by the Department of Pharmacy, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and made into 100% decoction.METHODS: After raised for 1 week, the SD rats were divided randomlyinto 4 groups: normal control group, spleen asthenia group, natural convalescence group and SJZD-treated group, and the rats in the latter three groups were made into models of long-term spleen asthenia. Rats in the normal control group were fed with normal chow, intragastric administered with saline (3 mL), once every other day for 34 weeks. Rats in the spleen asthenia group were intragastricly administered with Xiao Cheng-Qi decoction (3 mL) and fed every other day for 34 weeks, the rats in the natural convalescence group were fed with normal chow for 8 weeks after being treated as those in the spleen asthenia group for 26 weeks, and those in the SJZD-treated group were treated as those in the spleen asthenia group for 26 weeks, and then intragastricly administered with SJZD (4 mL, once a day) and fed with normal chow for 8 weeks. At the end of the 34th week,the rats were decapitated under anesthesia, and the skeletal muscle, liver,gastric mucosa and myocardium were taken out rapidly. The protein amounts in mitochondrial suspension were detected with the biuret method,the content of mitochondria in I g tissue was calculated according to the tissue mass, and the mitochondrial ultrastructures were observed under transmission electron microscope.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The contents and ultrastructures of mitochondria in skeletal muscle, liver, gastric mucosa and myocardium were observed.RESULTS: All the 40 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. ① At the end of the 34th week, the mitochondrial contents of skeletal muscle, liver, myocardium and gastric mucosa were all significantly lower in the spleen asthenia group than in the normal control group (P＜ 0.01), and markedly higher in the natural convalescence group than in the spleen asthenia group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01). The mitochondrial contents of the tissues were the highest in the SJZD-treated group, which were significantly higher than those in the spleen asthenia group and natural convalescence group (P ＜ 0.05-0.01), as well as the normal control group (P＜ 0.01). ② Comparison of mitochondrial ultrastructures in skeletal muscle,liver, gastric mucosa and myocardium at the end of the 34th week: In the spleen asthenia group, the mitochondria of myocardial cells were seriously swollen, the compact substance of hepatocellular mitochondria were decreased or disappeared and the crest disrupted; the mitochondria of skeletal muscle were shrunk and decreased, mitochondrial membranes were disorganized and crest disappeared, mitochondrial membranes were disorganized and crest disappeared; For gastric parietal cell of spleen asthenia,the amount of mitochondria reduced, inner structure confused, mitochondrial crestae of gastric chief cell was broken. In the natural convalescence group, the changes of the mitochondrial morphology were slight. The mitochondrial morphology in the SJZD group was close to those in the normal control group.CONCLUSION: SJZD has the effects of increasing the contents of mitochondria in skeletal muscle, liver, myocardium and gastric mucosa and repairing the damaged structure of mitochondria because of spleen asthenia.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To observe the mechanism and effect of Modified Simiao Powder on experimental polymyositis with damp-heat syndrome.Methods:The immunization combined with damp-heat syndrome modeling method was used to set up damp-heat model of polymyositis in guinea pigs.Methods of pathology,electron microscopy,electromyography,serum muscle enzymes were used to observe and compare the effects of Modified Simiao Powder and prednisone.Results:After treatment,the average time and improved degree of volatility of EMG in high dose herbal group were more superior to the prednisone group;the serum CPK,LDH,AST in all treatment groups decreased at different degree.The serum muscle enzymes in Chinese combined Western medicine group were significantly lower than other groups.In the changes of muscle,liver tissue pathology and ultra-structure,high-dose of Chinese herb showed more significant improvement than prednisone group,and the most significant improvement of interstitial pneumonia was observed in Chinese combined Western medicine group.Conclusion:Modified Simiao Powder has good effect on experimental polymyositis with damp-heat syndrome,it can inhibit cellular immune response and control the inflammatory cell infiltration,which may be involved in regulating the whole immune system.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To research the method of Establishing model of polymyositis with damp-heat syndrome. Methods: 45 guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups, group A (normal group), group B (experimental myositis group, control group), Group C (damp-heat group). In the control group, the rabbit skeletal muscle homogenate Garver,s complete adjuvant for subcutaneous immunization was used to injecting into the original guinea pigs. Besides the above-mentioned immune method, the heat-damp model method was used (feigan diet, hot and humid environment and pathogenic micro-organisms and other complex factors) to establish the polymyositis model with damp-heat syndrome. The general situations, such as the serum muscle enzymes, light microscopy, electron microscopy changes in each group were observed. Results: The results showed that the clinical performance, serum creatase, the pathological changes of skeletal muscle, lungs, liver of guinea pigs in damp-heat group were similar to the human polymyositis with damp-heat syndrome. Conclusion: The model can be used to study the human polymyositis with damp-heat syndrome, and provide the pathogenic and theoretical basis for treating polymyositis by TCM.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS) is a chronic progressive degenerative disease selectively infringing upper and lower motoneurons, and its pathogeny and pathogenesis are unclear till now. Its researches are mainly relying on animal models. Currently, there are many methods for the establishment of ALS animal.model and each of them has its own characters,practicability and values.DATA SOURCES: Relative articles during the period from January 1980 to December 2003 were searched on the Medline database by the title of the article with the searching word "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, model" and the language of the articles was limited to English.STUDY SELECTION: Data were preliminarily screened for the selection of the literatures mainly regarding the researches of ALS animal models; and then literatures regarding the application of ALS animal model in medication effectiveness and pathogenesis were eliminated; the full texts of the rest literatures were searched as inclusive criteria.DATA EXTRACTION: Totally 96articles searched with "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, model" in title were collected. Fifteen tests were in accordance with the inclusive criteria. In the eliminated 81 tests, 75 literatures were about the researches on the application of ALS model for medication observation and pathogenesis research, and the rest 6 articles were repetitive experiments.DATA SYNTHESIS: ALS neurotoxic animal model, immune mediated animal model, spontaneous animal model, and transgenic animal model were established in the selected literatures, which also investigated the mechanism, features, practicability and value of the animal model.CONCLUSION: The establishment of animal models simulated ALS symptoms or pathogenesis in the above literatures can be used in ALS disease researches as referencing model, which could provide animal experimental basis for the researches of ALS pathogenesis and the confirmation of therapy plan.
ABSTRACT
【Objective】 To establish an effective regimen for the treatment of myasthenia gravis crisis (MGC). 【Methods】 Twenty-six cases of MGC were enrolled into the study. They were given spleen-invigorating and musclestrengthening Qiangji Jianli decoction, which were self-prescribed, by oral administration or nasal feeding, as well as Lihengquan nutrient diet, intravenous drip of Huangqi injection and traditional Chinese nursing. The cases were also treated with western medicine such as half-dose steroid hormone, anticholinergic and antibiotics. The therapeutic effect was compared with that reported in currently published literature. 【Results】 Twenty-six cases were all clinically cured. The results of over-one-year follow-up showed that 4 cases were dead and the rest still survived. 【Conclusion】 The regimen of traditional Chinese medicine integrated with western medicine is economic and effective in the treatment of MGC.
ABSTRACT
【Objective】To observe the effect of Gastritis Prescription Ⅰ(GPⅠ) on the ultrastructure of gastric mucosa in spleen-deficiency atrophic gastritis(AG) patients.【Methods】Thirty chronic AG patients were treated with GPⅠ(mainly composed of Radix Codonopsis,Poria,Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae,Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae,Rhizoma Pinelliae,Fructus Amomi,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Herba Taraxaci,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata,etc.).The histological features of gastric mucosa sampled under gastroscope were observed before and after treatment under light microscope and electron microscope.【Results】After treatment,43.3% of moderate-degree and above atrophic area of gastric glands disappeared,and 16.7% became mild;36.7% of the disappeared gastric groove recurred and the thin gastric mucosa became normal.Microvilli of gastric gland became normal in 12 patients,accounting 54.5% in 22 patients with intestinal metaplasia.【Conclusion】GPⅠis effective in recovering the gastric mucosa of AG patients with deficiency of spleen and stomach Qi,and has an effect in counteracting intestinal metaplasia.
ABSTRACT
【Objective】To investigate the clinical characteristics of acute pancreatitis(AP) in Guangzhou area.【Methods】A retrospective analysis was carried out in 273 AP inpatients hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of TCM from 1996 to 2004.The onset time,seasonal distribution,syndrome patterns and prognosis of PA,and sex,age and disease course of the patients in Guangzhou area were carefully analyzed.【Results】The incidence rate of AP in Guangzhou was increased in recent years,lower in summer while higher in winter.The male and the female had the same incidence(the ratio approaching to 1∶1).In terms of age,there was a lower incidence in teenagers and the highest in the group aged 20 to 39.The incidence reached a plateau in the group aged 40 to 79 and sharply decreased in the group aged 80 and over.In terms of disease course,the majority of the AP patients were much improved and left hospital within 1～2 week(s) and the frequency valve arrived at the peak about one week later.In terms of the prognosis,72.9% of the patients were cured after timely traditional Chinese and western medicine treatment,the fatality rate being 2.9%.In terms of syndrome patterns of AP,damp-heat in the liver-gallbladder accounted for 69.9%,liver and Qi stagnation 11.7%,phlegm-stasis blocking collaterals 7.8%,deficiencycold in fu-organs 7.3% and excess in Yangming fu-organ 3.4%.【Conclusion】The incidence rate of AP in Guangzhou area tends to increase in recent years,the young and the middle aged have the highest incidences,most cases are manifested as damp-heat in the liver-gallbladder pattern,and AP attack usually occurs in winter and spring,and holidays,indicating that AP attack has a relation with unhealthy lifestyle,especially improper diet,in developed areas.This should be taken into consideration by the department concerned.
ABSTRACT
[Objective] To observe the therapeutic effect of Gastritis Prescription Ⅰ(GP Ⅰ, mainly composed of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae, Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae, Herba Taraxaci, Herba Hedyotis Diffusae, Rhizoma Curcumae, Radix Angelicae Sinensis, etc.) in treating chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG). [Methods] Sixty cases of CAG were randomized into GP Ⅰ group (group A, n = 30) and multi-enzymes group (group B, n=30) . The two groups were given the corresponding drugs orally for 14 weeks. Symptoms score, serum gastrin (Gas) level and body surface electrogastrogram (EGG) were detected before and after treatment. [Results] In group A, symptoms such as abdominal distention, epigastric pain, anorexia, loose stool, lassitude, gastric discomfort, acid regurgitation, and belching were much relieved; serum Gas level and post-prandial EGG amplitude were increased ( P
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effect of Sijunzi Decoction(SD) and Huangqi Sijunzi Decoction(HSD) on mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase,cytochrome oxidase activity of liver in rats with spleen asthenia,thus to reveal the pathogenesis mechanism of spleen asthenia from energy metabolism,and to clarify the therapeutic mechanism of spleen-invigorating and Qi-tonifying herbs.Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:normal control group,spleen-asthenia model group,SD(10.5 g/kg) group and HSD(18 g/kg) group,10 rats in each group.Except that the normal control group,the rats in the other groups were fed with half-full diet once every other day and with gastic gavage of Xiaochengqi Decoction 60 g/kg every day to establish animal model of spleen asthenia.After 15 days,the model rats were administered the corresponding drugs according to the experimental design for 4 continuous weeks.The changes of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase,cytochrome oxidase activity of liver were measured,and the general status of the rats were observed.Results Compared with the normal control group,the level of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase and cytochrome oxidase activity in liver of spleen asthenia group were decreased obviously(P